Aquilino links Admiral John Aquilino of the United States Indo-Pacific Command stated in New York on May 23, 2023: I hope that President Xi takes away. First, there is no such thing as a short war. And if the decision were made to take it on, then it would be drastically devastating to his people in the form of blood and treasure. It will drastically upset certainly the rest of the world economy. We are so interwoven. But bottom line is investment of the blood and treasure in order to achieve your objectives, that needs to be really a very hard decision. So he has to understand that. I think he needs to understand that the global community can be pulled together quickly when they disagree with actions taken in that fashion. So this effort of global condemnation is something that any aggressor has to deal with. President Putin is dealing with it right now, and by the way it is not just militarily; economically and diplomatically and the variety of other ways. So all those lessons learnt should be thought of. And ultimately it is not in anybody's interest, which is why I have articulated the continued effort to maintain this peace... My efforts are you know 100% percent working to prevent conflict, and ... 美国印太司令部司令阿奎利诺5月23日在纽约说: 希望習主席放棄動武。 首先,沒有所謂的短期戰爭。 如果決定採取動武,那麼它將以鮮血和財寶的形式對他的人民造成毀滅性的打擊。 我們是如此交織在一起, 它肯定會極大地擾亂世界的經濟。 但底線是為了實現你的目標而投入鮮血和財寶,這有必要被成為是一個非常艱難的決定。 所以他必須明白這一點。 我認為他需要明白,當國際社會不同意以動武這種方式採取行動時,他們可以迅速團結起來。 因此,這種全球譴責的努力是任何侵略者都必須準備應對的。 普京總統現在正在應對它,順便說一句,這不僅僅是軍事上的; 而且是經濟和外交以及其他各種方式。 因此,應該考慮所有這些經驗教訓。 動武最終這不符合任何人的利益。這就是為什麼我明確表示要繼續努力維持這種和平……你知道我的努力是 100% 的工作以防止衝突,... (但是如果維持和平的任务失败,那就做好准备进行战斗并取得胜利)。 The First OpiumWar 1839-1842 Boxer Rebellion 1900 - Fifty-five Days' Siege of the Peking Legation Quarter and Invasion by Eight Powers
Chinese_Empire-totter-to-its-base.jpg alt=
The Fool Risk Under An Imbecil
傻子風險
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
It's Inhuman! Within ONE Day, Millions of People Are Left Homeless, All to Protect Xi's Xiong'an Ghost City.
What Happened after the Beijing Flood? - Why The Chinese Government is Terrified
An imbecilic dictator whose daughter is in America, whose brother and sisters are naturalized citizens of Australia and Canada; an imbecilic dictator who forgets monster Mao tse-tung persecuted his father; and an imbecilic dictator who wants to live to 150 years old, serve the people and rip their body parts (中共全國文聯原黨組書記、副主席、原文化部副部長高占祥 (?-2022年12月9日)在北京病逝,終年87歲。中共全國政協常委、中國民主促進會中央委員會副主席朱永新,在12月11日的悼文中說,高占祥「身上的臟器換了好多,他戲稱許多零件都不是自己的了。」) For twenty years, this webmaster had been telling the world that Alan Greenspan, possibly the smartest American but bedazzled by the "conundrum" of long term interest rates, does not know that this webmaster's countryside cousins, mostly women, had been going to Guam, Samoa and other Pacific islands for a decade as the export of labor: what is coming to the U.S. market is merely a tag stating something not "made-in-China" but made-by-the-Chinese in nature. The smartest American turned out to be Professor Peter Navarro, and it might not be some coincidence that his books "The Coming China Wars" and "Death by China" are similar to what this website wrote about for the last 20 years. Anthony Fauci of CDC & Peter Daszak of EcoHealth were the enablers who funded Communist China's gain-of-function research on bat coronaviruses at China's Wuhan lab What this webmaster does not know is that the Chinese were going to Italy as well, where they worked as coolies and slaves for the "Made in Italy [by Chinese]" brands, and spread the coronavirus in Italy today. What a farce Communist China gave the world, and what a disaster Communist China caused to the world! Don't forget that France (Alain Merieux of bioMerieux - sarcastically-related to Moderna, the other side of a coin) and the United States (Anthony Fauci of CDC & Peter Daszak of EcoHealth) acted as the 'enablers' in designing and constructing the P4 virus research center in Wuhan, as well as in providing the funds. And don't forget what happened today was because the Americans served as the midwife who delivered China into the communist hands as i) Roosevelt, in collusion with Churchill and Stalin, sold out China at Tehran and Yalta; and ii) George Marshall forced three truces [Jan-10-1946, June-6-1946, & Nov-8-1946] onto the Republic of China and further imposed the 1946-47[48] arms embargo while the commies were equipped by the Stalin-supplied American August Storm weapons and augmented by the mercenaries including the Mongol cavalry, the Japanese 8th Route Army troops, the Soviet railway army corps, and the 250,000-strong [Kwantung Army-converted] Korean diehards. (Refer to "The Italian fashion capital being led by the Chinese"; "Coronavirus Hits Heart of Italy's Famous Cheese, Wine, Fashion Makers" for further reading. Military Documents About Gain of Function Contradict Fauci Testimony Under Oath: EcoHealth Alliance approached DARPA in March 2018 seeking funding to conduct gain of function research of bat borne coronaviruses... According to the documents, NAIAD, under the direction of Dr. Fauci, went ahead with the research in Wuhan, China and at several sites across the U.S.)
For better understanding the head-on collision between the United States and Communist China, refer to the U.S.-China fatalistic conjunction through the hands of the Japanese firepower during WWII, that derived from the American unpositive neutrality; the U.S.-China fatalistic conjunction through the hands of communist army's firepower during the 1945-1950 civil war, that derived from American-supplied Soviet August Storm weapons; and the U.S.-China fatalistic conjunction through Joseph Stalin, Kim Il Sung and Mao Tse-ting's hands during the 1950-1953 Korean War.
Sons and daughters of China, till cutting off the communist pigtails on your heads, don't let up, take heart of grace, and heed the sons & ministers' agony and sorrow of our ancestors who died or lived through the Mongol, Manchu and Soviet-Chicom conquest and the Yongjia, Jingkang and Jiashen cataclysms ! Never, Ever Give Up !
An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction !
Donald Trump reveals he called Xi Jinping 'king'; Dreams of a Red Emperor: The relentless rise of Xi Jinping; Emperor Xi Meets Donald Trump Thought; Trump Praises Xi as China's `President for Life' -- an imbecil leading China on a path of destruction !
*** Translation, Tradducion, Ubersetzung , Chinese ***
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Videos about China's Resistance War: The Battle of Shanghai & Nanking; Bombing of Chungking; The Burma Road (in English)
Videos about China's Resistance War: China's Dunkirk Retreat (in English); 42 Video Series (in Chinese)
Nanchang Mutiny; Canton Commune; Korean/Chinese Communists & the Japanese Invasion of Manchuria; Communist-instigated Fujian Chinese Republic
Communist-instigated Marco Polo Bridge Incident
The Enemy From Within; Huangqiao Battle; N4C Incident
The 1945-1949 Civil War
Liao-Shen, Xu-Beng, Ping-Jin Yangtze Campaigns
Siege of Taiyuan - w/1000+ Soviet Artillery Pieces (Video)
The Korean War The Vietnam War

utube links Defender of the Republic Song of the Blue Sky and White Sun

*** Related Readings ***:
The Amerasia Case & Cover-up By the U.S. Government
The Legend of Mark Gayn
The Reality of Red Subversion: The Recent Confirmation of Soviet Espionage in America
Notes on Owen Lattimore
Lauchlin Currie / Biography
Nathan Silvermaster Group of 28 American communists in 6 Federal agencies
Solomon Adler the Russian mole "Sachs" & Chi-com's henchman; Frank Coe; Ales
President Herbert Hoover giving Japan a free hand in the invasion of Manchuria
Mme. Chiang Kai-shek's Role in the War (Video)
Japanese Ichigo Campaign & Stilwell Incident
Lend-Lease; Yalta Betrayal: At China's Expense
Acheson 2 Billion Crap; Cover-up Of Birch Murder
Marshall's Dupe Mission To China, & Arms Embargo
Chiang Kai-shek's Money Trail
The Wuhan Gang, including Joseph Stilwell, Agnes Smedley, Evans Carlson, Frank Dorn, Jack Belden, S.T. Steele, John Davies, David Barrett and more, were the core of the Americans who were to influence the American decision-making on behalf of the Chinese communists. 
It was not something that could be easily explained by Hurley's accusation in late 1945 that American government had been hijacked by 
i) the imperialists (i.e., the British colonialists whom Roosevelt always suspected to have hijacked the U.S. State Department)  
and ii) the communists.  At play was not a single-thread Russian or Comintern conspiracy against the Republic of China but an additional channel 
that was delicately knit by the sophisticated Chinese communist saboteurs to employ the above-mentioned Americans for their cause The Wuhan Gang & The Chungking Gang, i.e., the offsprings of the American missionaries, diplomats, military officers, 'revolutionaries' & Red Saboteurs and the "Old China Hands" of the 1920s and the herald-runners of the Dixie Mission of the 1940s.
Wang Bingnan's German wife, Anneliese Martens, physically won over the hearts of the Americans by providing the wartime 'bachelors' with special one-on-one service per Zeng Xubai's writings.  Though, Anna Wang [Anneliese Martens], in her memoirs, expressed jealousy over Gong Peng by stating that the Anglo-American reporters had flattered the Chinese communists and the communist movement as a result of being entranced with the goldfish-eye'ed personal assistant of Zhou Enlai
Stephen R. Mackinnon & John Fairbank invariably failed to separate fondness for the Chinese communist revolution from fondness for Gong Peng, the communist fetish who worked together with Anneliese Martens to infatuate the American wartime reporters. (More, refer to the Communist Platonic Club at wartime capital Chungking and The American Involvement in China: the Soviet Operation Snow, the IPR Conspiracy, the Dixie Mission, the Stilwell Incident, the OSS Scheme, the Coalition Government Crap, the Amerasia Case, & The China White Paper.)
 
Chinese dynasties: a chronology
Antiquity The Prehistory
Fiery Lord
Chi-you
Yellow Lord
Xia Dynasty 1978-1959 BC 1
2070-1600 BC 2
2207-1766 BC 3
Shang Dynasty 1559-1050 BC 1
1600-1046 BC 2
1765-1122 BC 3
Western Zhou 1050 - 771 BC 1
1046 - 771 BC 2
1122 - 771 BC 3
1106 - 771 BC 4
interregnum 841-828 BC
840-827 BC 4
Eastern Zhou 770-256 BC
770-249 BC 3
Spring & Autumn 722-481 BC
770-476 BC 3
Warring States 403-221 BC
475-221 BC 3
Qin Statelet 900s?-221 BC
Qin Dynasty 221-207 BC
247-207 BC 3
Zhang-Chu
(Chen Sheng)
209 BC
Zhang-Chu
(Yi-di)
208 BC-206 AD
Western Chu
(Xiang Yu)
206 BC-203 AD
Western Han 206/203 BC-23 AD
Xin (New) 8-23 AD
Western Han
(Gengshidi)
23-25 AD
Western Han
(Jianshidi)
25-27 AD
Eastern Han 25-220
Three Kingdoms Wei 220-265
Three Kingdoms Shu 221-263
Three Kingdoms Wu 222-280
Western Jinn 265-316
Eastern Jinn 317-420
16 Nations 304-439
Cheng Han Di 301-347
Hun Han (Zhao) Hun 304-329
Anterior Liang Chinese 317-376
Posterior Zhao Jiehu 319-352
Anterior Qin Di 351-394
Anterior Yan Xianbei 337-370
Posterior Yan Xianbei 384-409
Posterior Qin Qiang 384-417
Western Qin Xianbei 385-431
Posterior Liang Di 386-403
Southern Liang Xianbei 397-414
Northern Liang Hun 397-439
Southern Yan Xianbei 398-410
Western Liang Chinese 400-421
Hunnic Xia Hun 407-431
Northern Yan Chinese 409-436
North Dynasties 386-581
Northern Wei 386-534
Eastern Wei 534-550
Western Wei 535-557
Northern Qi 550-577
Northern Zhou 557-581
South Dynasties 420-589
Liu Soong 420-479
Southern Qi 479-502
Liang 502-557
Chen 557-589
Sui Dynasty 581-618
Tang Dynasty 618-690
Wu Zhou 690-705
Tang Dynasty 705-907
Five Dynasties 907-960
Posterior Liang 907-923
Posterior Tang 923-936
Posterior Jinn 936-946
Khitan Liao Jan-June 947
Posterior Han 947-950
Posterior Zhou 951-960
10 Kingdoms 902-979
Wu 902-937 Nanking
Shu 907-925 Sichuan
Nan-Ping 907-963 Hubei
Wu-Yue 907-978 Zhejiang
Min 909-946 Fukien
Southern Han 907-971 Canton
Chu 927-963 Hunan
Later Shu 934-965 Sichuan
Southern Tang 937-975 Nanking
Northern Han 951-979 Shanxi
Khitan Liao 907-1125
Northern Soong 960-1127
Southern Soong 1127-1279
Western Xia 1032-1227
Jurchen Jin (Gold) 1115-1234
Mongol Yuan 1279-1368
Ming Dynasty 1368-1644
Manchu Qing 1644-1912
R.O.C. 1912-1949
R.O.C. Taiwan 1949-present
P.R.C. 1949-present

 
 
Sinitic Civilization Book 1 華夏文明第一卷:從考古、青銅、天文、占卜、曆法和編年史審視的真實歷史
Sinitic Civilization-Book 1

Sinitic Civilization Book 2 華夏文明第二卷:從考古、青銅、天文、占卜、曆法和編年史審視的真實歷史
Sinitic Civilization-Book 2

Tribute of Yu
Tribute of Yu

Heavenly Questions
Heavenly Questions

Zhou King Mu's Travels
Zhou King Muwang's Travels

Classic of Mountains and Seas
The Legends of Mountains & Seas

The Bamboo Annals
The Bamboo Annals - Book 1

From the Khitans to the Jurchens & Mongols: A History of Barbarians in Triangle Wars and Quartet Conflicts (天譴四部曲之三: 從契丹到女真和蒙古 - 中原陸沉之殤)
The Scourge-of-God-Tetralogy: From the Khitans to the Jurchens & Mongols: A History of Barbarians in Triangle Wars and Quartet Conflicts
(available at iUniverse; Google; Amazon; B&N)

 
The communists began the process of Africanizing the Chinese continent with the import of Africans by hundreds of thousands and up to a million, under the idiotic belt and road program  and made China the land of Aids Danger Zone No. 1 In the last 2-3 decades, the ludicrous and idiotic communist nation enslaved one billion humble Chinese peasants as coolies for the multinational corporations and international banksters, and moved the mountains of China to the United States in the form of rare earths (REE), marble and granite stones, at the cost of death of innumerable Chinese men from silicosis, and imported megatons of the American wastes to China, the beautiful and divine country, for recycling, burning or pure landfill, while resettling their wives, concubines, mistresses, and children [and bastards] to the U.S., Canada, Australia, and Europe. At the same time, they began the process of Africanizing the Chinese continent with the import of Africans by hundreds of thousands and up to a million, under the idiotic "one road and one belt" program (i.e., a replica of Han China's bribery for the Huns), and made China the land of "Aids Danger Zone No. 1".
Mind you all 77 Belt & Road countries: Your ripping USD 1 trillion from Communist China, i.e., one third of China's 3T foreign exchange reserves [on paper], is equivalent to ripping the life and blood of one billion poverty-stricken Chinese people with monthly income of no greater than 2000RMB or US$300. (Communist premier Li Keqiang claimed that 0.6 billion Chinese, i.e., this webmaster's humble peasant Chinese, had a monthly income of less than 1000RMB or $150, or de facto zero income.)
*** ARE YOU STILL GOING TO COMMUNIST CHINA TO "STUDY" WITH SCHOLARSHIPS [AND FREE MEDICARE/WOMEN] BUT WITHOUT ADMISSION TESTS, WITHOUT ENTRANCE EXAMS, WITHOUT QUIZZES, WITHOUT MIDTERM TESTS, WITHOUT EXAMS, WITHOUT SEMI-FINALS & WITHOUT FINALS ? ***
The communists began the process of Africanizing the Chinese continent with the import of Africans by hundreds of thousands and up to a million, under the idiotic belt and road program  and made China the land of Aids Danger Zone No. 1 Note Barack Hussein Obama's half brother 'adopted' China or was adopted by communist China, setting an example for numerous Africans who came to China and worked as coyotes engaged in the operation of smuggling the illegal Africans to China --not knowing that China was prone to dynastic cycles of violence that could lead to death of 60-90% of the population, such as eradication of the Arab-Persian paramilitary regime and settlement in Canton in the 9th century and in Zalton in the 14th century. (South Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Thailand, and the rest of Asian countries: Don't take this lightly. The mingled Chinese-Africans, in less than 50 years, will spill over and sweep into your countries. First, you need to guard against the "African Swine Fever" virus that is killing all the hogs and wild boars in mainland China now --an import from Russia again and a collateral casualty of Trump's trade war.)
 
The sinisterness of communist China lied in its bribing the world leaders, including the U.S. vice president Joe Biden (i.e., Lunch Bucket Joe -who ate free lunches on both the American people and the humble Chinese peasants), and in bribing the United Nations leaders. For details, check out Robert J. Wicks' video Riding the Dragon: 10 Lessons for Inner Strength in Challenging Times; and Google book. Communist China, in addition to the work on the Obamas and the Bidens, set up illicit affairs for Neil Bush in Bangkok and Hongkong, that could have led to the latter's divorce. (The Americans apparently forgot how the Chinese communists murdered the American missionaries in the 1920s and 1930s, such as John and Betty Stam.)
 
The Chicoms turned filthy rich, and became more barbaric towards their own people. The capitalists (synarchists) of the West are now horrified that the Chi-coms [and the lewd female Chicoms] accumulated the same amount of wealth or more within the last 20-30 years, that took the capitalists (synarchists) of the West 300-500 years of Black slaves' trade, opium trade and the Chinese coolie trade, etc., to achieve; and that the Chi-com, who killed off the landlords, had unlimited land to sell to make more money and could easily surpass the wealth accumulated by the capitalists (synarchists) of the West in no time. Even worse, the Chi-com dared to challenge the only superpower in this world with the building of more aircraft carriers and financially challenge the U.S. Dollar settlement system. The consequence of the Chi-com's reckless behavior could cause even more disasters to the Chinese people who were bound to the communist war chariots. (There is no "profound mystery [in Chinese]" ECON 101 as to the Chi-com's filthy richness and the "Crazy Rich Asians" but immiserizing growth and a replay of the Chicom's Soviet Bank scheme: The Chicoms enslaved one billion peasants as the slave labor of the world factories, the slave labor in the mines, and the slave labor in the construction of skyscrapers and ghost towns/cities across the country; the Chicoms then forced the exporters to convert the "foreign exchange" trade gain into the worthless RMB, i.e., "people's dollars" that were printed on the astronomical scale; then the Chicoms laundered the "foreign exchange" to the banks in HK, the U.S., Canada, Europe, and the Caribbeans, escaping the hell they created in the expectation that the billion slaves one day will rise up and smash the communist apparatus, i.e., the historical cycle of China's dynastic violence that saw 60-90% of the population killed; and to absorb the overprinted "people's dollars", the Chicoms conducted the violent land acquisition and enclosure movements, reaped enormous profit in the land sale, and sold the real estate bubble to the city "accomplice" citizens [whose I.D. actually carried the print of residents with no jus soli rights].)
 
America, i.e., the United States, was and is still shortsighted today, not knowing that Korea, at one time paradise of the American Evangelicals, was delivered into the hands of the Japanese imperialists as a result of the Anglo-American confrontation against Czar Russia, and in this geopolitical process, China, the land of the Great Sinitic Civilization, was made into a piggy-backed sacrificial/funeral object -the land ruled by the most evil cult called 'communism' that was an 'import' or an 'export' of Soviet Russia. America would not learn the lesson that the geopolitical actions it is taking today would yield the 'bad fruit' 50 years or 100 years down the road. America, and their British cousins, must have forgot the twenty-year Anglo-Japanese military alliance that allowed Japan to develop the warplanes and aircraft carriers to invade mainland China, not to mention the post-WWI ten-year arms embargo against Republic China and George Marshall's post-WWII arms embargo against Republic China 1946-1948. They forgot that in 1931, President Herbert Hoover gave Japan a free hand in the invasion of Manchuria on the pretext that Japan could not tolerate a half-Bolshevik China.
TPresident Herbert Hoover gave Japan a free hand in the invasion of Manchuria on the pretext that Japan could not tolerate a half-Bolshevik China
Earlier, President Hoover, who personally nipped the post-WWI communist uprisings in Germany and Hungary with the grains embargo, fed Lenin the ingenuity, i.e., the [worldwide communist revolution] road to Paris lay through Peking. They of course forgot that after the eruption of the 1937 Sino-Japanese War, the Americans, biased towards Japan and against China, adopted a policy of "neutrality" (what Utley called by "unpositive neutrality") against the 'belligerent' countries, namely, Japan and China, which was free and unrestrained arms sale to Japan and de facto arms embargo against China. This neutrality, which William Christian Bullitt Jr. (1891-1967) felt bedazzled about, was de factor arms embargo against China and free arms sale to Japan. Note that the arms embargo would choke China since China did not have an industrial base to produce the basic weapons while Japan's factories could roll out the warships and airplanes on a wholesale scale. Also note that in contrast with the Americans, the European powers, being constrained by the mediation role of the League of Nations, dared not openly sell arms to Japan. Through 1940-1941, prior to the U.S. revocation of the 1911 U.S.-Japan Commerce Treaty, the Americans were the biggest supplier of raw material, oil, aviation oil, and weapons, to the extent that some U.S. senator called by Scott making a claim that out of one million Chinese killed by the Japanese, 544,000 Chinese were killed by the Americans. Thirty-one U.S. congressional members made a joint declaration to the effect that the U.S., not NAZI Germany, nor Italy, was the best ally of Japan.
The destiny of Russian tyranny, ... was to expand into Asia - and eventually to break in two, there, upon its own conquests.
America, the 'stars' that engendered or heralded the rise of the [Japan] 'sun', long ago had the blueprint to make Japan into a stalwart against China and Russia, i.e., the source of the Yellow Peril and the source of the Half-Tartars [or the Russians], respectively, --whom the Americans could not assimilate according to George Kennan. William Christian Bullitt Jr. (1891-1967) disclosed that the Americans' national policy or strategic aim was to see the Russians and Japanese' holding a balance of power against each other in China rather than seeing either the Russians or the Japanese overpowering the other party in taking control of China. In making this geopolitical decision, you had victimized the 1 billion humble peasant Chinese. (Note President Wilson's doctrine that the intactness of China was vital to the white civilization -- in the sense that the nation of China should be managed delicately, that is, should not be allowed to grow too powerful to pose threat to the white civilization, nor should it be allowed to be hijacked by a non-U.S. power since China's immense human labor could be turned against the white civilization. The theme of China to the white civilization, morphing superficially into a ***hypocritical*** American national policy of engagement with Communist China for changing the Chinese communists' behavior, rested on the same underlying logic: "The China Exception: Russian Communism being wicked, the Chinese are good communists", which is an inherent fear of the Yellow Peril, i.e., billion Chinese would actually enjoy real democracy, go to college and develop their intelligence. Now, President Biden, a stooge of Communist China, explicitly abandoned the hypocritical American policy of engagement to change communist China to his imbecilic communist buddy and dictator Xi Jinping.)

Now you, as the midwife who delivered China into the communist hands, are morally obligated to take China [and North Korea {and Vietnam}] out of communism. This time, you may feel your hands forced as North Korea, with its nuclear weapons, could become Communist China's cecal appendix in a repeat of history. The Chicoms don't understand the urgency of Trump's trade war having the roots in nuclear North Korea, nor the domino effect on North Korea and Russia after the knock-out of communist China. Putin thought he would reap profits by sitting on the fence of the U.S.-China trade war, i.e., the Zheltorossiya dream[, and India would not be satisfied with grabbing South Tibet (i.e., what India calls by Arunachal Pradesh), Bhutan and Sikkim alone]. Though, the Americans could be hoodwinked by the Chicoms again. The Chicoms might just sign any agreement just for sake of getting a red carpet at the White House in lieu of a visit to Mar-a-Lago, but won't change its sinister nature and will default on any trade agreement. A dictator whose daughter is in America, whose brother and sisters are naturalized citizens of Australia and Canada; a dictator who forgets monster Mao tse-tung persecuted his father; and a dictator who wants to live to 150 years old, serve the people and rip their body parts (Previously, this webmaster thought that the Americans could be hoodwinked by the Chicoms who might just sign any agreement just for sake of getting a red carpet at the White House in lieu of a visit to Mar-a-Lago. With Trump's war with Communist China flaring up, this webmaster believed that China's dictator Xi Jinping would continue to commit blunders and became the tomb digger for the Chinese communist regime. The thuggery communists, who would not allow the millions of the Hongkong people to have autonomy, could have caused the demise of the regime over the inevitable crackdown, not knowing that the communist ascension to power had its very roots in Churchill's collusion with Roosevelt in selling out the Republic of China for sake of retaining crown jewel Hongkong after hoodwinking Wellington Koo and Chiang Kai-shek that Britain would return Hongkong to China after Japan was to surrender so as not to damage the British wartime morale. --What happened was that Putin first jumped off the fence ahead of communist China in launching an invasion of Ukraine.)

President Trump understood the China situation and the China problem. Should the American politicians follow the footsteps of Anson Burlingame (1820-1870), Paul Samuel Reinsch (1869-1923) and Patrick Jay Hurley (1883-1963), i.e., three most prominent U.S. statemen who loved China and the Chinese people, then the Chinese people could have a chance of salvation from the communist tyranny. Note the historic recurrence and the repetition of similar events: Anson Burlingame, in opposition to the anti-Chinese discriminatory whirlwinds rampant in the U.S. in the 19th century, authored the Burlingame Treaty for China and died for China in 1870 in St. Petersburg while still on the Manchu China's mission to the U.S. and Europe; Paul Samuel Reinsch, who was disillusioned by President Wilson's betrayal of China over the division of WWI spoils at the Paris Peace Conference, quit the minister-to-China job to work for China and died for China in Shanghai in 1923; and Patrick Jay Hurley, who convinced President Roosevelt of the American moral blunders in selling out the Republic of China at Tehran and Yalta, personally travelled to Moscow and London for sake of averting and reverting China's fate of becoming a victim of WWII war spoils (i.e., the loss of Port Arthur and Hong Kong, etc.), but failed to make remedy to the secret Tehran and Yalta agreements in the aftermath of President Roosevelt's death in April 1945.
For better understanding the head-on collision between the United States and Communuist China, refer to the U.S.-China fatalistic conjunction through the hands of the Japanese firepower during WWII, that derived from the American unpositive neutrality; the U.S.-China fatalistic conjunction through the hands of communist army's firepower during the 1945-1950 civil war, that derived from American-supplied Soviet August Storm weapons; and the U.S.-China fatalistic conjunction through Joseph Stalin, Kim Il Sung and Mao Tse-ting's hands during the 1950-1953 Korean War.
Sons and daughters of China, till cutting off the communist pigtails on your heads, don't let up, take heart of grace, and heed the sons & ministers' agony and sorrow of our ancestors who died or lived through the Mongol, Manchu and Soviet-Chicom conquest and the Yongjia, Jingkang and Jiashen cataclysms ! Never, Ever Give Up !
An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction ! An imbecilic dictator leading China on a path of destruction !
Donald Trump reveals he called Xi Jinping 'king'; Dreams of a Red Emperor: The relentless rise of Xi Jinping; Emperor Xi Meets Donald Trump Thought; Trump Praises Xi as China's 'President for Life' -- an imbecil leading China on a path of destruction !
More, refer to the Communist Platonic Club at wartime capital Chungking and The American Involvement in China: the Soviet Operation Snow, the IPR Conspiracy, the Dixie Mission, the Stilwell Incident, the OSS Scheme, the Coalition Government Crap, the Amerasia Case, & The China White Paper.

 

THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION


 
China and the Chinese lived in terror since Peng Pai and Mao Tse-tung launched the rascal-proletariat peasant movements in 1927. Peng Pai had at one time claimed that the communist law would be simply the execution of landlords once they were caught. Mao Tse-tung, directly responsible for the rascal movement in Hunan Province in 1927, would be the red-handed culprits in the Purge of Anti-Bolshevik League during 1930-1931, the Purge of Trotskyists during 1937-1941, and the Rectification Movement during 1942-1945. In the caste section, we also listed the CCP's bloody crackdown, including
 
Suppression of Reactionaries Movement (1950),
"Three Anti" (1951),
"Five Anti" (1952),
"Three Anti" (1953),
Gao Gang Anti-Party Clique (1953-1954),
Hu Feng Anti-Party Clique (1954-1955),
Elimination of Counterrevolutionaries (1955),
Ding Ling & Chen Qixia Anti-Party Clique (1955-1958 ?),
Rectification Movement (April 27th, 1957),
Anti-Rightist Movement (June 1957),
Peng Dehuai Anti-Party Clique (1959),
Anti-Rightist Trend (1959).
 
Simply said, the CCP never stopped its bloody terror campaigns since inception in history, and its claws could be seen in the most recent crackdown on the Falungong practitioners. Wen Yu, in his 1994 book Leftist Catastrophe of China (Cosmos Books Ltd., ISBN 9622577164, 1994, HK), summarized the so-called "leftist" [should be terrorist] catastrophe of the Chinese Communist Party from the 1927 armed uprisings (in fact, mutinies) to the 1978 Xidan Democracy Wall. Gao Hua, a Nanking University professor whose father fled the persecution of the cultural revolution in Aug 1966, had presented the most comprehensive research into the communist red terror in the book How Did The [Red] Sun Rise Over Yan'an ? - A History Of The Rectification Movement (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong, 2000 edition).
 
What was the "Cultural Revolution" about then? It was nothing other than a coup d'etat that Mao Tse-tung had initiated by having the mobsters topple Liu Shaoqi's presidency. Ao-feng pointed out that Mao Tse-tung did not convene the CCP 9th Congress till 1969, i.e., till after toppling Liu Shaoqi presidency. The CCP 9th Congress would have a deliberate lapse of 13 years since the start of 1st Plenary of the CCP 8th Congress in 1956. Feng Zhijun, in Mao Tse-tung & Liu Shaoqi [Huangfu International Publishing House, HK, April 1998 Edition], examined the Mao-Liu relationship in historical parallel and expounded the cause and effect of the so-called "Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution", an event that would topple 76% of the CCP 8th Congress' politburo members and backup commissars, majority of deputy chairmen of the CCP Central Military Committee, majority of deputy commissars-in-chief of the National People's Congress 3rd Congress (Plenum), majority of premiers of the State Council, and three quarters of ministerial leaders and provincial leaders. (Alternatively speaking, Jiang Qing, i.e., Mao Tse-tung's unofficial wife, had intentionally rendered a havoc to the communists internally: Zheng Yi, in "Seventy Years Of Espionage Between the KMT & the CCP", pointed out that both Jiang Qing and Zhang Chunqiao were agents who had been recruited by Dai Li in the 1930s.)
 
Chinese believe in the "cycle" of life and death as expounded by Buddhism. The "Peng Dehuai Anti-Party Clique", the Ming Dynasty's official Hai Rui, & the Cultural Revolution could be said to have the apparent cause and effect. Hei Yannan's Ten Year Turmoil (Xingchen Publishing House, HK, 1988 edition, ISBN 9620406540) began the coverage of the cultural revolution with "Chapter One: Starting From the 'Historical Tragic Drama' [Ming Dynasty Official Hai Rui's Losing His Job]". During the Mt Lushan Meeting of July 2-Aug 16, 1959, Peng Dehuai was classified as reactionary for opposing Mao Tse-tung's Great Leap Forward which would lead to the starvation death of at minimum 40 million peasants in the ensuing 3 years. In 1961, a historical drama, "Hai Rui's Dismissal" was taken as a play for sympathizing with deposed Peng Dehuai. In 1962, Mao Tse-tung was forced into yielding power to vice president Liu Shaoqi during a 7000-people expanded meeting of the communist party. In 1965, Mao Tse-tung authorized his cronies in initiating an attack at the drama, unofficially starting the cultural revolution that would sweep through the communist apparatus of Peking city as well as the politburo that, in Mao's eyes, had been usurped by political enemy Liu Shaoqi, et al. The Cultural Revolution officially started with the People's Daily editorial "Sweeping All Ghosts and Snakes" on June 1, 1966. The Cultural Revolution purportedly resulted in an abnormal death toll of 2 million people. R. J. Rummel's "One Hundred Years of Bloody China" estimated the number of people killed in the Cultural Revolution to be about 7.73 million.
 
 
Historical Context Of the Mao-Liu Relationship
 
In the section on the terrors, this webmaster had covered "Mao Tse-tung & Liu Shaoqi's Initial Cooperation". Gao Hua pointed out that Mao Tse-tung gradually exercised control over the CCP in addition to his re-acquisition of control over the Red Army since the 1935 Zunyi Meeting held during the Long March. Moscow returnee Zhang Wentian, who was encouraged by Mao in the struggles against Bo-gu [Qin Bangxian] and Li-de [Otto Braun] during the Long March, replaced Bo-gu as the CCP's secretary general on Feb 5th, 1935. Mao Tse-tung, Zhang Wentian and Wang Jiaxiang formed the so-called Three Person Team (i.e., troika), with actual military power resting in the hands of Mao Tse-tung. Zhou Enlai became very much subordinate to Mao Tse-tung since. Moscow returnees were only in charge of party propaganda, party affairs and regional affairs. In contrast, Red Army generals began to enter the CCP politburo. Thereafter, after arriving in Shenxi Province, Mao Tse-tung began to resent Zhang Wentian's posture as a 'theorist'. After defeating Bo-gu and Kai-feng (blasted as doctrinairist & factionalist), Mao Tse-tung defeated Zhang Guotao by dispatching the Red Army Fourth Front Army to the mouth of Ma Family Cavalry.
 
In 1937, Mao Tse-tung allied with Liu Shaoqi in challenging Zhang Wentian. On Feb 20th & March 4th, 1937, twice, Liu Shaoqi wrote letters to Zhang Wentian, criticizing ten year long "leftist" mistakes committed by the CCP & Comintern, blasted the CCP's leftist antagonism to his activities on the job of the CCP Northern Bureau representative, and hinting the necessity of the CCP leadership (i.e., Zhang Wentian) in reflecting on the responsibility. During the May 17-26th Meeting On the "CCP Tasks In the KMT-Controlled Areas", Liu Shaoqi argued fervently against Zhang Wentian by repeating what he wrote in earlier letters. Liu Shaoqi claimed that the CCP loss in the KMT-Controlled areas were 100% due to the "leftist putschism" and "closed-door-ism" mistakes, while Zhang Wentian, Bo-gu, Kai-feng and Chen Geng accused Liu Shaoqi of sharing Trotsky & Chen Duxiu's "revocationism". Ke Qingshi cursed Liu Shaoqi as an "old rightist". On June 6th, Zhang Wentian tried to desalinate Mao Tse-tung's remarks by stating that the past CCP mistakes were more a strategic mistake than a mistake in the political guideline/trend. Zhang Wentian further blasted Liu Shaoqi on the matter of citing 'big hats' such as "leftist putschism", "venturism" and "closed-door-ism" and rebutted Liu Shaoqi's "legality-ism" in launching the CCP movements inside of KMT-controlled areas. On June 9th & 10th, Liu Shaoqi backed down from previous stance and made self-criticisms. This would become the prelude to the Purge of Trotskyists of 1937-1941.
 
In late Oct of 1937, Wang Ming & Kang Sheng returned to Dihua (Urumqi) of the New Dominion Province from Moscow, and thereafter entered Yan'an. On Dec 25th, 1937, Wang Ming, in the KMT-controlled Wuhan, issued a proclamation representing Stalin's line of thought, i.e., the "CCP Proclamation As To the Current Affairs", and proposed "five united" approaches to resisting Japanese under the KMT leadership. Wang Ming returned to Yan'an for Feb 27-March 1, 1938 meeting and proposed "seven united" approaches in cooperation with KMT. Mao Tse-tung, privately calling Wang Ming a "rightist surrenderist", advised against Wang Ming's return to Wuhan. However, majority of the CCP politburo members did not object to Wang Ming's trip to Wuhan where the CCP Yangtze Bureau had become a de facto CCP ruling apparatus.
 
To counter Wang Ming, Mao Tse-tung recalled Liu Shaoqi to Yan'an in mid-March, and on March 24th, Liu Shaoqi was retained in Yan'an per politburo resolution. Meanwhile, Mao Tse-tung dispatched Ren Bishi to Moscow for winning over Comintern. After two months of work by Ren Bishi in Moscow, on June 11th, the Comintern affirmed the CCP's policies, and on July 6th, Pravda published an article with portraits of Mao Tse-tung and Zhu De. In Moscow, Ren Bishi replaced Wang Jiaxiang as the CCP rep, while Georgi Dimitrov asked Wang Jiaxiang relay a message to the CCP that Wang Ming et al should unite around Mao Tse-tung, a message that purportedly restored Mao Tse-tung's control over the CCP. (Just three years ago, Mao Tse-tung faked a Comintern's decree to get Zhang Guotao dismantle his CCP Central, namely, the 2nd CCP Central, something to show that the Chinese communists were blind and faithful followers of the Soviet masters.)
 
Liu Shaoqi Contribution To the CCP

 
Liu Shaoqi Deviations From Mao Tse-tung

 
Peng Dehuai, Hai Rui, & Cultural Revolution
 
In early 1959, "People's Daily" and New China News Agency reported that in Zhuangxian County of Hunan Province some commune harvested 35000 kilograms of rice per acre, while some commune in Guangxi Province reached 65000 kilograms per acre. One communist official, ex-general Peng Dehuai, was the only one who stood out against Mao, hence lost his job and was classified as a "counter-reactionary". The Lushan Meeting of July 2-Aug 16, 1959, declared the 'Peng Dehuai Anti-Party Clique' for opposing Mao Tse-tung's Great Leap Forward which led to starvation death of minimum 40 million peasants in the ensuing 3 years. After the 1959 Lushan Meeting, Mao went on the Anti-Rightist Trend to rout another 3,800,000 people. During the meeting, Wu Han, who viciously attacked the former Democratic League colleagues such as Chu Anping and Luo Longji, accused Peng Dehui of faking as the Ming dynasty's righteous minister Hai Rui (who was imprisoned by Emperor Jiajing for criticisms but was later released by the successor-emperor and survived to be the poorest and most righteous minister in history). (Wu Han was a former disciple of scholar Hu Shi but converted to the communist cause in the early 1940s while teaching history at Lienda in Southwest China. Wu Han, like Chu Anping and Luo Longji, cohorted with the underground communists and the pro-communist Americans like Jack Service and John King Fairbank in running the Democratic League in the 1940s.)
 
In 1961, a historical drama, "Hai Rui's Dismissal", was taken as a play for sympathizing with deposed Peng Dehuai. From January 11 to February 7, 1962, an enlarged CCP Central Work Conference was held in Peking with the consent of Mao Zedong, then chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. 7,113 people in charge of the central government and various central departments, central bureaus, provinces, cities, prefectures, and counties, as well as responsible cadres of some important factories, mines, and troops, attended the meeting. The meeting discussed the "Great Leap Forward", i.e., tyrant Mao's three banners including the People's Communes, and the Great Famine, and advocated "criticism and self-criticism" and "democratic centralism". During the meeting, Liu Shaoqi, vice chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and president (chairman) of the State, attributed the cause of the Great Famine during the three-year difficult period to a division of "thirty percent natural disasters and seventy percent man-made disasters." Mao Zedong made self-criticism at the meeting. After the meeting of 7,000 people, the famine problem in mainland China eased, with Mao Zedong retreating to the second line, and Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping presiding over the daily affairs of the central government.
 
In 1965, Mao Tse-tung authorized his cronies in initiating an attack at the 1961 drama, unofficially starting the cultural revolution that would sweep through the communist apparatus of the Peking city as well as the politburo that, in Mao's eyes, had been usurped by political enemy Liu Shaoqi, et al.
 
Hei Yannan, in Ten Year Turmoil, pointed out that it was Mao Tse-tung himself who had instructed in April 1959 that people should learn from the unwavering and defiant loyalty of Ming Dynasty's official Hai Rui in daring to contradict and admonish Ming Emperor Jiajing [reign AD 1522-1566]. People's Daily promptly contacted Wu Han, the CCP's deputy mayor for Peking as well as a historian on the Ming Dynasty, for a propaganda war on the subject of Hai Rui. Two top opera actors, Zhou Xinfang and Ma Lianliang, pressed on Wu Han in writing up a historical drama on basis of Hai Rui. Cai Xitao, a friend of Wu Han, suggested the title of "Hai Rui's Dismissal" for the drama in late 1960. Hai Rui, while politically correct in 1959, forgot that tyrant Mao was no longer the emperor he was defending, but Liu Shaoqi -- because Mao was losing influences to Liu Shaoqi over the famine deaths of the Great Leap Forward. Hei Yannan stated that in 1961, Jiang Qing, i.e., Mao Tse-tung's unofficial wife, first raised her questions about the political nature of the drama to Mao Tse-tung. Xi Zhongxun, who managed to escape the purge of Peng Dehuai and Jia Tuofu's "Northwestern" discussion group at the Lushan Meeting of July 2-Aug 16 1959, was implicated in accusation that he used fiction Liu Zhidan, a novel written by the wife of Liu Jingfan (Liu Zhidan's brother) as a tool of counter-revolution. The Shenxi communist clique, including the late Shenxi communist leader Liu Zhidan's family members as well as Shenxi clique lieutenants such as Xi Zhongxun, et al., numbering hundreds of thousands, were persecuted for the fiction or fictional memoirs on Liu Zhidan. Jia Tuofu, who was just taken off the rightist hat of the 1959 Lushan Meeting, was named in the "Xi ZHongxun, Liou Jingfan & Jia Tuofu Anti-Party Clique" for the anti-Party novel incident. This was purportedly triggered by another communist Yan Hongyan's letter of accusation that the novel twisted the historical truth as Yan Hongyan was responsible for the persecution of the Northwestern Red Army leaders in the 1930s.
 
 
After Liu Shaoqi's 7000-Person Expanded Meeting
 
According to rightist Dai Huang, after the 7000-people expanded meeting of early 1962, there was a looseing period when the communists began to rehabilitate the 1959 Rightist Trend party members or the Right-sided Rightists, with Dai Huang at one time given a chance to write a self-reflection article for presentation to the party till things changed again when Mao called on "class struggle" again. In October 1962, Mao Tse-tung instructed "You should never forget about class struggles" in its 10th Plenary of the 8th Session meeting. Dai Huang underwent two months' criticisms at the Xinhua (new China) News Agency in 1963, and was sent to two-year re-education in 1964, after which Dai Huang, with the start of the cultural revolution on May 16th, 1966, was sent to the re-education farms of Tuanhe in Nanyuan, Qinghe in Tientsin and the countryside in Taiyuan, carrying the tag of a rightist for 21 years till rehabilitation in 1978. Qinghe Farm, with several stages of usage, was at first a prison that housed the purported KMT special agents that saw 440 such former regime people sentenced to various terms on July 12th, 1950, before the Suppression of Reactionaries' Movement was to further incarcerate and eliminate many of the same people. Ensuing from the 1957 anti-Rightist movement, Qinghe Farm was converted to Farm 585 to be part of the labor camps named after 1958, among others, Farm 581, Farm 582, to Farm 585. Qinghe Farm, or Farm 585, was the most notorious in that only three rightists survived the famine of 1959-1961, including one such person named Feng Guojiang, an Indonesian Chinese who returned to China for the communist revolution. By 1964, Kang Sheng, i.e., Mao Tse-tung's Beria, suggested to Mao Tse-tung that the drama "Hai Rui's Dismissal" could be a plot to use the said drama for expressing sympathy with Peng Dehuai by citation of Mao Tse-tung's talk during the CCP 10th Plenary of the 8th Congress that some "people invented a way of using novels against the party" -- which was Mao Tse-tung's political purge against the Shenxi communist clique . After that, Jiang Qing contacted Ke Qingshi, i.e., 1st secretary of the CCP committee of Shanghai as well as a historical feud of Liu Shaoqi, for some hatchet men including Zhang Chunqiao and Yao Wenyuan. Eight months later, on Nov 10th, 1965, Yao Wenyuan published an article "New Commentary On Historical Drama - Hui Rui's Dismissal" on the "Wen Hui Bao" newspaper in Shanghai. The Peking city government and the party apparatus, however, refused to carry this article.

* In Commemoration of China's Fall under the Alien Conquests in A.D. 1279, A.D. 1644 & A.D. 1949 *
Sons and daughters of China, till cutting off the communist pigtails on your heads, don't let up, take heart of grace, and heed the sons & ministers' agony and sorrow of our ancestors who died or lived through the Mongol, Manchu and Soviet-Chicom conquest and the Yongjia, Jingkang and Jiashen cataclysms ! Never, Ever Give Up ! 中國的兒子和女兒們,聆聽在蒙韃、滿清、蘇聯中共的征服和永嘉、靖康、甲申的浩劫中死去或活著的我們的祖先的苦難和悲痛!
U.S.S.R./Comintern Alliance with the KMT & CCP (1923-1927)
Korean/Chinese Communists & the 1931 Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
American Involvement in China: Soviet Operation Snow, IPR Conspiracy, Dixie Mission, Stilwell
Incident, O.S.S. Scheme, Coalition Government Crap, Amerasia Case & The China White Paper

* Stay tuned for "Republican China 1911-1955: A Complete Untold History" *

Zou Rong's Revolutionary Army; Shin Kyu Sik's Shrine (Spirit, Kunitama) of Korea
This snippet is for sons and daughters of China: Heed the sons & ministers' agony and sorrow of our ancestors who died or lived through the Mongol, Manchu and Soviet-Chicom conquest and the Yongjia, Jingkang and Jiashen cataclysms !
Jeanne d'Arc of China:
Teenager girl Xun Guan breaking out of the Wancheng city to borrow the relief troops in the late Western Jinn dynasty; Liu-Shao-shi riding into the barbarian army to rescue her husband in the late Western Jinn dynasty; teenager girl Shen Yunying breaking into Zhang Xianzhong's rebels on the horseback to avenge on father's death in the late Ming dynasty.
China's Solitary and Lone Heroes:
Nan Jiyun breaking out of the Suiyang siege and charging back into the city in the Tang dynasty; Zhang Gui & Zhang Shun Brothers breaking through the Mongol siege of Xiangyang in the Southern Soong dynasty; Liu Tiejun breaking through three communist field armies' siege of Kaifeng in the Republican China time period; Zhang Jian's lone confrontation against the communist army during the June 3rd & 4th Massacre of 1989.

 
Ye Qun's Virginity & Lin Biao's Revenge
 
Ye Qun [aka Ye Yijing], i.e., future new wife of Lin Biao, arrived in Yan'an, too. Ye Qun claimed participation in 12/9/1935 & 12/12/1935 student protest movements as well as enrolment in the Communist League in Peking in 1936. The two bitchy women would exchange their feuds for persecutions during the Cultural Revolution. Jiang Qing demanded the punishment of a 1930s actress by the name of Wang Ying [i.e., Xie Hegeng's wife] who played the role of heroine Sai Jinhua on Nov 15, 1936. Jiang Qing also asked Ye Qun in recovering damaging evidence from movie director Zheng Junli, regarding materials such as a letter that Jiang Qing asked Zheng Junli to relay to Ma Jiliang in Paris in 1958, ending in 9 Oct 1966 nightly ransacking of the residencies of Shanghai actors, actresses and movie directors. [Ye Qun added four more actors to the persecution list, including Zhao Dan, for sake of guarding against the true intention of ransacking Zheng Junli's residency with the help of Air Force General Jiang Tengjiao who disguised his soldiers as the non-military "red guards". Zheng Junli, who surrendered to Zhang Chunqiao most of the old correspondence and accidentally burnt Jiang Qing's 1958 letter, failed to convince Jiang Qing of the non-existence of this particular letter.]
 
Lin Na, repeatedly interrogated by Ye Qun [i.e., Lin Biao's wife], died when being thrown out by Ye Qun for further persecution during the cultural revolution of the 1960s. Lin Na, with her husband taken away by the Soviet NKVD (i.e., Ge-bo-wu) while on the road of return to China from Moscow, would be deprived of the post of deputy chief of the politics section of the Yan'an Women College in the autumn of 1940.
 
In the 1950s, Yan Weibing, wife of communist leader Lu Dingyi, mailed anonymous letters to the communist party's investigation department about Ye Qun. After numerous years of handwriting verification, Yan Weibing was caught.

 
Jiang Qing's Revenge
 
Jiang Qing, a woman hungry for power, just lost a purported courtship of a "talented" young man to Sun Weishi [i.e., Zhou Enlai's adopted daughter] upon arrival in Yan'an [Yenan]. Not long ago, Jiang Qing was having an affair with Xie Yunxin [Zhang Min] after the success of the launch of the drama "Big Storm" in Shanghai. Shortly before that, Jiang Qing, whose first man was communist student and later mayor Huang Jing (Yu Qiwei), abandoned husband Tang Na on some occasions in the mid-1930s to be with Huang Jing, which caused a stir in the newspapers about Tang Na's attempted suicide and cut short Jiang Qing's elopement to Tientsin for returning to Shanghai before continuous private entanglements with her lover, something that made Mao Tse-tung deeply hate Huang Jing to the extent of using a ruse to kill two Tientsin communists Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan in 1951-1952 for creating detente onto mayor Huang Jing who was to be scared into insanity and suicide. Drama director Zhang Min proposed a divorce with wife Xiao Kun, and actress Jiang Qing [Lan Ping] proposed a divorce with Ma Jiliang [Tang Na]. That caused a stir in the Shanghai entertainment circle. Dong Zhujun claimed that she had been responsible for dissuading Zhang Min's wife [Xiao Kun] and Ma Jiliang [Tang Na, i.e., Jiang Qing's then husband] from committing suicides. Ma Jiliang [Tang Na] was recorded to have committed attempted suicide three times during his one-year marriage with Jiang Qing. Shortly afterward, Jiang Qing broke away from Zhang Min and departed for Yan'an for her "big dream". Jiang Qing, for her open sexuality on the Shanghai Bund and implication in an arrest by the government agents in 1934, was given negative feedback by the underground communists like Yang Fan, for which Jiang Qing & Kang Sheng, in Feng Zhijun's opinion, had routed Yang Fan & Pan Hannian in 1954 and put them to the lifelong imprisonment.
 
Similar to Yan Weibing's letter, Zhu Ming, wife of elder communist leader Xie Juezai, send an anonymous letter in 1954, which was suspected by Jiang Qing to have the same source as Yang Fan's 1938 report to Yenan about elopement and adultery, etc. It could be after the death of Xie Juezai in 1960 when Zhu Ming wrote a letter to the CCP Party Central about her husband's post-death matter that the handwriting was verified by the government investigators. Zhu Ming committed suicide in 1961. (Right after the communists took over the ROC capital city of Nanking in 1949, Jiang Qing ordered her henchman Ke Qingshi to secretly execute all the KMT government officials who were involved in arresting her in the 1930s. In the 1960s, Jiang Qing tortured and killed almost all people who were acquainted with her in the 1930s, including the communist officials who ever read the anonymous letters mailed by Lin Boqu's wife Zhu Ming in the 1950s. Dong Zhujun, for implication in the entangles of Mao Tse-tung's woman Jiang Qing in the 1930s, barely survived the cultural revolution of the 1960s. Back in the 1930s, Dong Zhujun participated in publishing a short-lived magazine called "Drama & Music" with Zheng Shamei & Xie Yunxin (aka Zhang Min). In 1949, Dong Zhujun was responsible for persuading Yang Hu into giving up Shanghai to the CCP.)
 
After verification that it was Zhu Ming who wrote the anonymous letter, Mao Tse-tung then ordered Pan Hannian and Yang Fan to be paroled, knowing that they had no part in sending the anonymous letter. In another word, Mao Tse-tung did not care about Pan Hannian's colluding with the Japanese spy agency since 1939, nor Pan Hannian's continuous work with the puppet government throughout the resistance war time period.

Note that while Pan Hannian, passing through Peiping (Peking), rather than the safe passage in the Yellow Flood zone, for the 1944 rectification movement and the preparatory meetings of the communist party's congress, the Japanese, to coordinate with the communists for pincer-attacking the Chinese government troops, attempted to connect with the communists in vain --as a result of Pan Hannian's gig in Yenan, and hence extradited a Sorge spy ring member from Tokyo's Special Higher Police (Tokko/tokubetsu) to travel to the communist New 4th Army's headquarters in Luhe for liaison. Pan Hannian himself, while passing Peiping, claimed to his cronies that he had the protection of the Japanese communists (i.e., the Japanese spy master Kagesa Sadaagi). What a treachery. According to Endo Homare, the only survivor of her family from the 1948 communist siege of Changchun that led to the starvation death of 300,000 civilians, the Japanese foreign ministry funneled over 3 billion yens of funds to the communists through Pan Hannian, equivalent to 25 million US dollars.

 

 

 


 
 
Peng Dehuai, Luo Ruiqing, Lu Dingyi & Yang Shangkun
 

 
 
Mao Tse-tung's "My Big Character Poster" [Aug 5th 1966]
 

 
 

 


 
The Fate of Xie Hegeng and Wang Ying Couple
 

 
On Feb 22nd, 1950, Xie Hegeng & Wang Ying married with a license from the NY city.
June 1952: McCarthy Act
9/27/54 xie arrested
10/4/54 wang ying arrested
nov 22 54 kicked to sf -as part of the swap deal with the American prisoners of war from the Korea War
late dec back to china
mar 57 declined jiang qing's invitation
may-july 57: the anti-rightists
xie rightist for the 
proposal of making zhongnanhai a park
li kenong visited wang ying, zhou enlai/dong biwu called xie back to beijing from manchuria
dec 1960 - wang ying
invited to xiangshan hotel by zhou
5,6,7, 1966 CR
july 1 1967 taken to prison by red guards
march 1974 died in prison
75 xie released
79 rightist' tag gone
 

 

 
Comment by Ah Xiang
 


 
The Immiseration Growth Trade Disrupted by President Trump & Bursting of the Communist China's Real Estate Bubble
 
Communist China's immiseration trade, at a cost of enslaving one billion peasants and coolies and polluting the nation's land, water and air, has carried along for decades now, with the unsustainable growth backfiring before its due demise as a result of President Trump's preemptive strike, i.e., the Sino-U.S. trade war, which triggered communist China's counter-retaliation measures and subsequent breakup of a tacit bonding between the multinational corporations and banksters of the West and the oligarchs of communist China, a relationship the communists initially described as a marriage in a silly allegory that painted communist China as a feminine (like a concubine) subservient to the U.S. as a master. What this author could not bear will be widespread pollution-related cancer deaths that befell to the people living around the Taihu (thunder god) Lake, which is where this author's great grandfather's lakeside home village and tomb were, that is known as Shihu [stony lake] and Huangtan [yellow flatland] in history and penned to a poem by Fan Chengda who was responsible for negotiating with the Jurchens to retrieve Soong Emperor Qinzong's coffin from the Amur area in the 13th century.
 
Jagdish Bhagwati's immiseration vindicated an economic thesis that the more a country exports to another trade partner, the worse off the terms of trade would be. From the economics perspective, the immiseration trade would have corrected itself through Adam Smith's Invisible Hand and its adjustment by the markets. Unfortunately, Communist China's immiseration growth was fatally built on a ruinous percolation logic similar to the Mongols' unbacked fiat: the communists' sweatshops manufactured products at the below-market or no cost for export to the West, using the slave labor like the Uygurs in the concentration camps of Xinjiang, for example; the communists then forced the exporters to convert the "foreign exchange" trade gain into the worthless RMB, i.e., "people's dollars" that were printed on the astronomical scale, which was similar to the Russian rubles that could not be freely bought and sold; for absorbing the over-printed paper currency, the communists conducted the violent land acquisition and enclosure movements, reaped enormous profit in the land sale, and sold the real estate bubble to the city "accomplice" citizens who once in a life time enjoyed a flash-in-the-pan decent life of luxury travel abroad and the concept of wealth management of the West; and the communists, in addition to squandering the money on the Belt and Road projects or Confucius academies, laundered the "foreign exchange" to the banks in H.K., the U.S., Canada, Europe, Australia, and the Caribbeans, escaping the hell they created in the expectation that the billion slaves one day would rise up and smash the communist apparatus.
 
When the trade decreased or stopped, partly due to President Trump's trade war and partly due to the rising labor cost which was triggered by the inflation coupled with the decreased labor force ensuing from decades of the barbaric policy of forced abortions, the communists could no longer print the worthless RMB paper money to peg with the foreign exchange for running the economic engine, which then led to the bursting of the bubble and collapse of its financial system, with the banks and ATM machines running out of money. This then forced the regime to take the last resort to switch to a closed-door policy to slow down the paper currency usage on the pretext of Coronavirus, a double-edge weapon also used to exercise militarized control of the population for an opportune invasion of Taiwan in synchronization with the Trojan horse planted on the island. (During the three-year lockdown, the communists, who ordered the chaining of kitchen knives and ID'ed ownership of kitchen knives, implemented the forced lockdown via barbed wire fences at the border, and segregation iron or plastic fences on the streets, lanes and in the neighborhoods, which was taken to be rehearsal for implementing the Cultural Revolution 2.0.)

In today's communist China, with a widely rumored scheme of Operation Sinking Ship for decades, the totalitarian regime recently began to prep the people for an outcome of isolation from the international community and embracing of an Orwellian rule similar to the Kim dynasty of North Korea. The unfolding economic collapse of communist China shows the world that communist China is a castle built with sand and on the sand of unsustainable immiserated trades used for funding the proportionally-blown real estate bubbles, i.e., what the Japanese called by suna no utsuwa. (The above passages were excerpted from the Afterword of From the Khitans to the Jurchens & Mongols: A History of Barbarians in Triangle Wars and Quartet Conflicts (The Barbarians' Tetralogy - Book III: Laments for the Middle Land's Sinking))

 
Ding Shu is an expert on China's Bloody 50 Year History. The following Ding Shu article in Chinese summarizes the death tolls during the Cultural Revolution. The kind of horror that occurred during the Cultural Revolution might be forgotten by those people who endured it.
 
Owning the time constraints, this webmaster had not been able to continue writing on the "modern Chinese history" for about ten years (as of 2010; and over 20 years as of 2023 [comment in year 2023]. To give visitors to this page some information about the cultural revolution, this webmaster transcribed some key points of the article by Ding Shu.
 
Million Death During the Cultural Revolution
 
On June 10th, 1966, Mao told Ho Chi-ming that the proletarian revolution might lead to the downfall of hundreds, thousands of people in academic, educational, arts, colleges, middle schools and primary schools.
 
The editorial of People's Daily on June 1st, 1966, marked the start of the cultural revolution.
 
Zhou Enlai stated that the movement was targeting not communist cadres, but the authoritarian faction that had taken the capitalist path, landlords, wealthy peasants, rightists and bourgeoisie academic authorities.
 
Home ransacking originally started in Peking, with 114,000 households impacted. Then the rampage spread across China. In Chuansha County of Shanghai, about 7800 households were ransacked, for example. Altogether , 10 million households were ransacked nationwide.

 
【大紀元2月2日】以六月一日《人民日報》發表社論《橫掃一切牛鬼蛇神》 正式開場的文革,宗旨是「橫掃一切牛鬼蛇神」, 其結果,文革(非正常)死亡人數統計為兩百万人。

2/2/2001 9:11:00 PM


文革(非正常)死亡人數統計為兩百万人

丁抒:中國旅美學者,著作有《人禍》等。

一九六六年六月十日,「無產階級文化大革命」剛剛開始,毛澤東會見越南國家主席胡志明時說:「這次是 大大小小可能要整倒几百人、几千人、特別是學術界、教育界、出版界、文藝界、大學、中學、小學。」他說 明了運動的重點目標,但有意縮小了打擊范圍,實際「整倒」的不是几百、几千人,而是几百万。

廣東名作家秦牧曾這樣評述文革:「這真是空前的一場浩劫,多少百万人顛連困頓,多少百万人含恨以終, 多少家庭分崩离析,多少少年儿童變成了流氓惡棍,多少書籍被付之一炬,多少名胜古跡橫遭破坏,多少先賢 墳墓被挖掉,多少罪惡假革命之名以進行!」

「多少百万人含恨以終」?文革中究竟死了多少人?說法不一,無從确定。正如一九八○年鄧小平對意大利 女記者法拉奇所說的那樣:「永遠也統計不了。因為死的原因各种各樣,中國又是那樣廣闊。總之,人死了很 多。」

R•J•Rummel教授的著作《一百年血淋淋的中國》說,文革中喪生者的數目大約為七百七十三万 人。這個數字可能偏高,但是筆者相信應在二百万以上。

一九六六年紅色恐怖殺人十万

文革中死人集中于几個時期,第一個是一九六六年的「紅色恐怖」。

以六月一日《人民日報》發表社論《橫掃一切牛鬼蛇神》正式開場的文革,宗旨就是「橫掃一切牛鬼蛇 神」。

對「橫掃一切牛鬼蛇神」,周恩來有個說明:「橫掃一切牛鬼蛇神,不是掃一切干部,而是掃走資本主義道 路的當權派,沒有改造好的地、富、坏、右和資產階級反動學術權威。」這就是文化革命的對象。

這「橫掃」,肇始于以中共干部子弟為基本隊伍的衛兵對牛鬼蛇神的抄家。這時,牛鬼蛇神還只限于「五類 份子」即「地、富、反、坏、右」和「資產階級反動權威」、資本家。北京市家被抄的多達十一万四千多戶。 從北京發源、迅速達于全國。抄家之多,史無前例。譬如上海郊區川沙縣有七千八百多戶人家被抄。浙江嵊 縣,八千余戶被抄。全國城鎮鄉村被抄家的總數當接近一千万戶。

伴隨著抄家的,是拷打進而殺戮以「五類分子」為主的牛鬼蛇神。在中國大地上,從不曾有那么多人在那么 短暫的時期內,死于最古老的刑具棍捧、皮帶。殺与已無冤無仇的人,要有精神支柱,十几歲的中學生將老師 校長、鄰居街坊拷打至死,靠的就是一冊毛澤東的《湖南農民運動考察報告》。

要是沒有政府的支持,沒有公安局的配合,十几歲的中學生組成的紅衛兵不可能造成如此大范圍的恐怖。公 安部部長謝富治在北京市公安局的一次會議上說:「民警要站在紅衛兵一邊……供給他們情況,把五類子的情 況介紹給他們。」于是各地派出所与紅衛兵合作,將凡有「份子」頭銜的牛鬼蛇神的名單交給他們,讓他們去 抓斗毆打。

對于紅衛兵任意打死人的情況,謝富治當然十分清楚。謝富治在會議上還說:「群眾打死人,我不贊成,但 群眾對坏人恨之入骨,我們勸阻不住,就不要勉強。」謝富治還召集在各省、市公安局局長開會,說:「打, 死人的紅衛兵是否蹲監?我看打死就打死了,我們根本管不著。」一個省的公安局長問:「拘捕起來總可以 吧?」謝答道:「如果把打死人的都拘捕起來,你們能捕得光嗎?全國九千万個紅衛兵,到時,他們不衝你的 安公局就好了。」他還指示「如果你把打人的人扣留起來,捕起來,你們
就要犯錯誤。」

六月間,打人之風剛開始盛行,北京新市委第一書記李雪峰傳達了毛澤東的「關于發生打死人事件的指 示」:「打就打嘛,好人打好人誤會,不打不相識;好人打坏人,活該;好人打坏人光榮。」(江青傳達的字 句稍有不同)

正是在得到這個「最高指示」之后,他們將打人提升為「紅色恐怖」,而就在這批中共干部子弟紅衛兵打死 人的高潮中,毛澤東作出了從未有過的舉動,在天安門城樓上接見他們的代表。毛當然沒有表彰他們打死人的 行為,他确實也不主張打死人。他不過是利用他們制造恐怖气氛以壓制對手罷了。

被打死的各類「份子」數以千計,后來中共官方統計說是北京市被打死一千七百余人,那就是說,至少打死 了這么多。

由于各省、市公安局的局長們還是有顧慮,他們擔心于手讓學生在街上隨意打死人,運動過后自己被追究。 毛澤東于八月二十二日親自批轉了一個名為《嚴禁出動警察鎮壓革命學生運動》的文件,規定「不准以任何藉 口,出動警察干涉、鎮壓革命學生運動。」「警察一律不得進入學校。」「除了……現行反革命份子,……運 動中一律不逮捕人。」于是全國的警察都對紅衛兵行凶打人殺人睜一只眼、閉一只眼。

最高指示」傳遍全國,殺戮在全國范圍進行,無遠弗屆。譬如廣州,有人「目睹七位右派朋友被打死。」全 國在這場「紅色恐怖」被殺者應不下十万。

文革初期自殺者約廿万人

更多的人自殺了。世界歷史上,從不曾有過如此多的人在如此大的范圍內、用如此多的法子結束自己的生 命。僅一個陝西省,文革中自殺的党、政干部就有兩千多名。

作家巴金回憶道:「當持大家都像發了瘋一樣,看見一個熟人從高樓跳下,毫無同情,反而開會批判,高呼 口號,用惡毒的言辭攻擊死者。」八月二日,湖北省委召開文化革命積极份子万人大會,省長張体學說:「有 的人怕運動中死人,我看死人不要緊。我們沒有搞非法斗爭,給你擺事實、講道理,以理服人,你要死怪哪 個?我叫你不死,你要死,你死了活該。」

六月中,毛澤東曾對李志綏醫生說:「這次死怕又要有千把人自殺。現在是天翻地覆了。我就是高興天下大 亂。」他大大低估了這場運動的瘋狂。筆者估計,文革初期自殺的人當在十万至二十万之間,至少是毛澤東估 計的「千把人」的一百倍。

武斗為文革死人第二波高峰

一九六七至六八年的「武斗」是文革期間非正常死亡的第二波高峰期。

全國性的武斗起于六七年新疆。一月初,毛澤東號召「奪權」。但軍隊不能奪權。新疆軍區生產建設兵圍石 河子的一個汽車團的造反派要奪權,當權派不服,請部隊派人支援,想用武力解決。雙方交火,死傷百余人。 軍隊大獲全胜。

這便是一月二十六日的新疆「石河子事件」,全國武斗的第一槍。此后各地武斗綿延不絕,直至六八年底方 漸平息。

武斗中死了多少人?今以陝西省為例,勉縣武斗「死亡八十五人,其中打死四十七人,武器走火死亡十二 人,武斗汽車肇事死亡十三人,武斗中触電死亡一人,打死無辜群眾三人。」蒲城縣雙方及無辜老百姓死三十 四人。城區十余條街道的兩万多所民房被燒。安康縣武斗,歷時一年,毀房屋三千三百余間,死亡七百八十四 人。

山西武斗,以長治地區最烈,因為當地是中國的軍火工業的基地之一。軍分區和當地空軍駐軍分別支持兩 派。打到交通全部斷絕,空軍提供「空中走廊」支持一派守城市。軍分區集中各縣民兵組成「剿匪兵團」,打 開軍火庫,武數万民兵,由軍分區首長指揮攻城戰。在攻克一座煤礦的激戰中,僅守方即陣亡二百多人,數百 人負傷。而守方曾在一次交戰中將參戰的役官兵十二個整連外帶四個班全部繳械、俘虜。「雙方打死打傷參戰 人員不計其數。」

江青說過四川「武打全國出名了」,「重慶打得稀爛,陣線就比較清楚了。好得很!」全國在單次武斗中傷 亡最大的,是四川瀘州。一仗打死兩千余人,另有八千多人成殘廢。

武斗一年死人三十到五十万

浙江也是武斗死亡較多的地方之一,譬如嵊縣雙方共戰死一百九十一人。

有的地方群人組織間的武斗引起地方軍隊鎮壓,造成大批傷亡。譬如宁夏,一九六七年八月間,康生指示駐 宁夏的部隊支持一派,「必要時可發槍自衛」,并在青銅峽地區鎮壓「保守派」,打死、打傷各一百余人。浙 江空五軍政委陳勵耘、陸軍第二十軍政委南萍夥同杭州造反派頭頭張永生、武裝鎮壓蕭山、富陽兩縣。在蕭山 打死二十七人,大部份是抓獲后活活拷打死的;在富陽打死一百三十五人,打殘三百一十九人,燒毀房屋一千 二百余間。

文革中一些群眾組織如被認為有异端行為也會遭到當局殘酷鎮壓。如云南的群眾組織滇西挺進隊被說是要叛 國,軍隊進行圍剿,用机槍掃射,二十分鐘后將該組織數千人屠殺殆盡。

虐待俘虜是文革中武斗一大特色。武斗中死亡者相當大一部份是被虐殺的戰俘。如河北雄縣由軍隊三十八軍 支持的那一派動用大炮攻打對立面,攻克對方据點后,將俘虜都用鐵絲串起;男的穿肩胛骨,女的從肛門穿 進、陰戶穿出,游街之后,全部槍殺。陝西安康縣武斗中亂打濫殺俘虜二百八十六人,自殺二十人。亂打濫殺 包括矛戮、刀砍、石砸、槍打、絞死,還有讓被殺者背炸藥包、手榴彈炸死,甚至一次「審訊」活埋了十三 人。山西長治劉格平派在中央的壓力下交出武器后,成了對方肆虐、報复的對象。据后來去采訪的作家趙瑜所 記:「其复仇面積之大、手段之狠,都是空前絕后,不忍贅述的。凡是古代曾經用過的酷刑,這里全用上 了。」「除了有些頭頭被槍斃以外,更有相當一批人死于『修理』或『退火』之中」。

江西宜丰縣的一派相鄰的上高縣去武斗,死了四人。回來召開追悼會,為了給死去的烈士祭魂,會上捍然槍 殺了三名從上高縣抓來的無辜老百姓。

廣州作家秦牧曾這樣記述在廣州街頭所見:「人們咬著匕首,抬尸游行」。「在一些中學門口,看到因武斗 而武的學生的訃告,上面大書『享年十七歲』、『永垂不朽』等字眼。」一天早上,「當我走回報社的時候, 一路都看到路樹吊尸的景象。那些尸体,大多是被打破了頭顱、鮮血迸流的。在從一德路到人民中路短短一段 路程中,我竟見到八具這樣的尸体。」

一年多的武斗期間,全國非正常死亡人數應在三十万至五十万之間。

一九六八年至六九年的「清隊」,是「清理階級隊伍」的簡稱。這是毛澤東和周恩來聯手「橫掃一切牛鬼蛇 神」的高潮,是文革中死人最多的時期。

清理階級隊伍死人最多

全國兩千余縣,一個縣平均一百左右死于「清隊」。如黑龍江省賓縣,打死一百四十三人,打殘三十二人。

在這場運動中,二百多人非正常死亡的縣不算是多的。如上海川沙縣,「五千零六十三人遭揪斗,二百三十 六人非正常死亡。」譬如上海寶山縣「清隊」,「經縣革委會審批的揪斗對象一千七百零二人……全縣清隊中 非正常死亡人數達三百三十四人。」

人口特別少的縣,在「清隊」中被整死的人數才少于一百。譬如中蘇邊境上的人口僅數万的愛暉縣,關押看 管了一千五百多人,「造成六十五人非正常死亡」。

若以一個人口一至二万人的人民公社為單位來看,死人數則大約數以十計。如上海奉賢縣新寺人民公社有九 十一人被批斗,四十八人被批判,十一人被整死。廣西扶綏縣昌平公社,「清隊」時「全社非正常死亡二十三 人。」吉林省延吉縣「深挖地下國民党特務,深挖朝鮮特務」,「棒子底下出特務」,只有一百一十戶人家的 樺田生產大隊竟有四十四人被揪斗,致死致傷四十一人。

各級革命委員會平易近人這場運動的執行者。比如遼宁台安縣城鄉各單位「用法西斯的手段私立公堂、嚴刑 拷打……橡皮鞭、斗弓子、木棒子、爐勾子,各种刑具交替使用,噴气式、挂黑板、舉磚頭、跪碗渣,應有盡 有。」「新挖出各种『階級敵人』一千二百八十八名」,使「一百三十五人死亡、許多人致殘。四十三人被投 獄判刑。」遼宁凌源縣,僅子虛烏有的「國民党反共救國團」一案便揪了九百一十三人,「致死二十五人,致 殘五十一人。」

五十万人死于清隊

按照毛澤東「專政是群眾的專政」的指示,各地都層層建立了「群眾專政指揮部」。以江西万年縣為例采用 的「刑罰种類有捆綁、吊打、壓貢子、站凳頭、跪瓦片、坐老虎凳、作噴气式、電触、紅鐵烙、灌吃大糞、開 水澆頭、大熱天反穿羊皮大衣晒太陽等數十种。大黃公社一位女醫生被誣為『現行反革命』,揪出來用電触奶 頭、用開水澆陰道,當場昏死,目不忍睹。据公安局統計,全縣被打死或被迫害至死的有二百一十四人。」一 九六八年五月,山西鄉宁「亂捕亂斗、挂牌游街、毆打干部群眾一千二百多人次,其中打死二十六人,打傷打 殘五十多人。」六月,抓捕一批中學生,刑計逼供,打死三人,打傷打殘十多人。

執掌各省、市党、政、軍大權的軍人是這場運動的指揮者。如黑龍江省大慶油田于一九六八年五月成立革命 委員會,第十六軍副軍長諸傳禹擔任主任,在「清隊」運動中,「自殺、打死人的現象不斷增多,一至四月份 自殺十五人,五至六月份自殺三十六人,打死七人。」

工人本不是文革的目標,但毛澤東有「文革是國共兩党斗爭的繼續」的指示,國民党時期的老工人也成了斗 爭對象。

北京二七机車車輛厂是毛澤東親自抓的所謂「六厂二校」之一,是全國「清隊」運動的樣板。軍宣隊領導 下,一千四百多名一九四九年前進厂的老工人中,九百多人被「審查」,逼得十四名老工人自殺身亡。甘肅玉 門油礦曾是國民党執政時期中國主要的石油企業,凡共產党接管油礦時年滿十八歲的都要「過篩子」,整死了 九名干部和八名工人,數百人被毒打致殘、精神失常。陝西銅川市焦坪煤礦挖出一個「反共救國軍」,省革委 會副主任胡煒(二十一軍軍長或政委)親自驅車到焦坪煤礦督陣,「進一步掀起對敵斗爭新高潮」,嚴刑逼 供。無端受株連卻多達五百多人,含冤自殺的有八人。

石家庄鐵路局的「清隊」,是一場大血案。「僅這一血案,被迫害的干部、工人,就達一千六百四十五人, 其中致死四十八人,致殘一百二十八人。」

知識份子集中的地方是當然的「清隊」重點。湖南大學自「學校革委會成立后,被亂捕亂關和游斗的就有三 百多人,其中,被迫害自殺死亡的十八人,長期挨斗折磨致死的六人,被錯判刑的十六人。」中國科學院上海 分院各研究所有六百多人被誣為特務,其中二百多人被「隔离審查」,二人被活活打死,十人打成殘廢,四人 自殺,包括一九四九年從美國歸來的女科學家雷宏淑;另有九人自殺獲救未死。

粗略估計,死于「清隊」的人數應在五十万人以上。

趙健民案一万七千余人冤死

一九六八年一月二十一日,康生毫無根据地當面指控云南省委書記趙健抿是叛徒國民党特務,下令公安部部 長謝富治當場逮捕。整個云南便抓起「執行趙健民國民党云南特務組計划」的份子來。僅此一案,云南省一百 三十八万人被敵牽連,一万七千余人被打死、逼死、六万一千多人被打殘。僅昆明地區就打死了一千四百七十 三人,打殘九千六百六十一人。

云南又有「划線」一說。在兩派斗爭中站錯了線的便入了另冊。「一時間,昆明街頭上貼滿了『槍斃』的布 告。有的人被活活打死,補上告示了事。」「据一九七五年的統計數字,受到各种刑訊逼供、審查監禁的達三 十万人,其中三万七千人死于非命。」

冀東李楚离案三千人死于非命

中共中央組織部副部長李楚离曾擔任冀東党的領導人,領導過冀東大暴動。李被打成叛徒后,冀東党組織也 成了「國民党」組織。這是文革中的又一件大案,八万多人受株連,三千人死于非命。

國防科委第九研究院(核武器研究院)所屬二二一厂及開采核燃料的礦區,由科委派出的工作組負責人趙登 程与科委副主任趙啟明(原海軍副司令)指揮「清隊」。他們下達指示:「不殺人打不開局面」。在他們指揮 下,該厂設了四十余處監獄,先后關押了四千余人。從全國各地經過嚴格的政治審查調去的一百多名專家、教 授、工程師,百分之九十成了「特務」、「反革命」。全厂被打死、被逼自殺的達五十九人,包括九院副院長 王志剛,打傷、打殘的則有三百多。被逼瘋的大人和因雙親被抓而嚇瘋的小孩近百名。

內蒙內人党整死一万六千人

一九六八年二月,江青、陳伯達、姚文元等接見天津市革委會及群眾組織代表宣布天津作家協會主席方紀是 「劉、鄧反革命司令部在文藝上的代言人」,天津市委書記王亢之「支持方紀這夥人」。兩天后,王自殺身 亡,方被投入監獄。因江青又說天津市公安局与方紀合夥「專了我們的政」,天津市公安局遂成「黑窩」,一 千二百余干警被審查。据方紀說,所謂「審查」,實則「濫施酷刑,刑罰名目之繁多,手段之殘忍,駭人听 聞,令人發指。」該局干警被逼死、整死的多達四十四人,包括公安局局長江楓。

「內人党」--內蒙古人民革命党成立于一九二四年,以實現內蒙古自治為目標。后來因蘇聯插手,其中的 國民党被清除,該党名存實亡。一九四五年,該党恢复,并由業已漢化、連蒙古語都不會說的中共党員烏蘭夫 等控制。不久,中共怕它勢力壯大,日后無法控制,一九四六年指示它停止活動。文革中,烏蘭夫成黑幫,康 生指示在內蒙古大抓「內人党」。結果在整個內蒙古地區和內蒙古軍區胡抓亂捕,許多村落的牧民,被迫排隊 去登記自己的「內人党」份子。全內蒙古有三十四万六千余人被審查、揪斗、關押,四分之三是蒙古族。因刑 訊逼供而終身殘廢的多達八万七千一百八十多人,整死的則有一万六千二百二十二人。(一說「被迫害致死者 竟達十多万人」,存疑。)

一打三反与清查五一六運動

一九七○年的「一打三反」的內容是:打擊現行反革命破坏活動,反對貪污盜竊、投机倒把、鋪張浪費。那 個「三反」,与老百姓不相干,反不到小民頭上,所以當權派并不感興趣。「一打三反」其實只有「一打」, 并無「三反」。七○年春始的「一打」是對「清隊」時未完全解決的文革中對立派的最后的鎮壓。

譬如上海集中追查曾參与炮打張春橋的學生,王秀珍說「對這批新生反革命不能手軟」,市委部署清查,僅 复旦大學等六所大學就有一百二十多人被逮捕、監禁、五人被逼自殺,三人被逼瘋。上海交響樂團指揮陸鴻恩 因「涂寫《毛主席語錄》」,在「一打三反」中被判處死刑,押往刑場執刑前,喉管被割斷,免得他呼喊「反 動口號」。

文革后最高法院向中共中央報告:「一九七○年『一打三反』運動中錯判死刑取為突出。宁夏錯殺七十人 中,一九七○年判處的有六十八人;天津市錯殺的二十八人中,一九七○年判處的有二十二人。」

「一打三反」之殘酷,只比「清隊」稍遜,但也猛烈异常。所以云南鎮雄縣的官方記載,便把「清隊」和 「一打三反」合一而談:「省革委派工作隊來鎮雄指導『清理階級隊伍』和『一打三反』,搞逼供信,造成一 百○七人非正常死亡。」上海市南匯縣「一打三反」,審查、斗爭了三千余人,「造成非正常死亡六十二 人」。寶山縣「一打三反」和「清查五一六份子」結合,共清出五千多「有問題的對象」、「四十一人被迫自 殺」。

這是文革中最后一次大批中國人自殺之事件。譬如青海貴德縣,『一打三反』中十四人自殺,后全部平反昭 雪。

一打三反大殺政治犯

陝西安康縣農民易道均,因住房窄小、陰暗無光,無法張貼毛澤東標准像;小孩呼喊「毛主席万歲」說了一 句「哪里能活一万歲」,成「現行反革命」,被縣軍管會判處死刑,于一九七○年六月槍決。副縣長雷云祺、 縣政協常委張開印、屬一九四九年起義投誠后留用的人員。軍管會以「反革命」罪將他們槍決。該縣「一打三 反」中拘捕二五四人,槍決一十七人,判刑十二人,戴「反革命」帽子二十五人,二十人自殺身亡。

一九七○年八月的一天,人口僅三十万的省會銀川市近十万人擠滿体育場和四周的街道,觀看公判「現反」。這 天判決的是以十三名青年學生為成員的反動組織「共產主義自修大學」。因一名女性已在關押期間触電自殺, 其余十二人,三名「死刑,立即執行」。被槍決者之一的吳述樟年僅二十二歲,最大的罪惡時:曾在《毛主席 語錄》「再版前言」的「毛主席的指示,一句頂一万句」的旁空處,寫過「放屁」二字。

三月二十二日,甘肅省會蘭州的万人宣判大會結束后,二十多名死刑犯被架上卡車游街示眾,然后到達軍警 密布的形場。被殺者之一是甘肅師范大學歷史系老教授張師亮。因在該系的學術討論會上他曾批評過毛澤東, 認為毛澤東的「階級斗爭,一些階級胜利了,一些階級消滅了,這就是歷史,這就是几千年的文明史」的說 法,不妥當、不全面。

二月十七日,江西省會南昌召開万人宣判大會,二十二歲的吳曉飛被槍決。他的罪名是曾寫下兩篇論文,說 文化革命「是一件反常的政治事件」,「人民不管從政治上和經濟上說來都得不到一絲好處」;抨擊林彪「神 化毛主席」,江青「是文化革命中無政府主義泛濫的根源」,對劉少奇的迫害「不擇手段、不通情理」等等。

由于中央將判處死刑的審批權下放給各省、市,各地利用此机會殺了很多政治犯。三月間,湖南「長沙當局 開了兩次大的殺人大會每次處決近百名犯人,其中一半以上是政治犯。」四月的一天,當局又宣布次日將判處 六十多名反革命份子死刑。可是,第二天上午九時,有線廣播突然通知,宣判大會取消了。原來,中央發現地 方殺人過多,需要有所控制,突然收回了判處死刑的審批權。這樣長沙的一批反革命份子便幸運地由死刑改成 了十五年徒刑。

被冤枉的确實大多數是平民百姓。一九七○年十月,廣州軍區令員丁盛听說海南島白沙縣一名女醫士官朋華 在監獄里還寫文章罵林彪,便親自支持會議,將她判處死刑。臨槍決前怕她呼喊口號,特用一節竹筒塞進她嘴 里,穿上鐵絲扎在腦后。比北方槍斃張志新前割斷喉管稍為文明一點。

安徽淮南市監獄,「十尺零六寸長□監房里,經常關上十四、五個人,每人只有八寸寬的地盤。……一殺 人,就早上四點拉鈴,然后用几個高音喇叭放樣板戲。然后凶神惡煞般的劊子手就進來拉人:『你!』 『你!』『你!!!』惊天動地哭叫,隨著是一排攝人魂儿的槍聲……。」

由于「清隊」、「一打」、「清查五一六份子」三場運動,一個連著一個,江蘇省只籠統公布了這三場運動 中受迫害的人的總數:「以莫須有的罪名,把几十万無辜的干部、組織打成叛徒、特務、現行反革命和『五一 六』份子,加以迫害,成千上万人致傷、致殘、致死。」

這場運動的非正常死亡數,也應在十五至二十万之間。

結語

以上談的僅是文革中的几個大事件的非正常死亡。文革十年間總死亡人數相當高,北京市因冤獄而死的即有 九千八百多人。上海被「立案審查」的有二十四万余人,被折磨致死、自殺的超過一万人,被逼瘋、打殘的更 多。至于縣以下單位,全國兩千余縣,平均每個縣死亡當在五百至一千人。譬如陝西安康縣,文革中「非正常 死亡一千三百人。」

官方的統計數字是:「總的估計,因大量冤假錯案受到誣陷、迫害和株連的達到一億人以上。」「去台人員 家屬」中的冤、假、錯冤多達十多万。概而論之,說文革中非正常死亡在二百万以上不會過多。

(丁抒:中國旅美學者,著作有《人禍》等。本文引述皆有出處,從略)

(轉自《兩千年目睹之怪現象》)



 
 



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China's Solitary and Lone Heroes:
Nan Jiyun breaking out of the Suiyang siege and charging back into the city in the Tang dynasty; Zhang Gui & Zhang Shun Brothers breaking through the Mongol siege of Xiangyang in the Southern Soong dynasty; Liu Tiejun breaking through three communist field armies' siege of Kaifeng in the Republican China time period; Zhang Jian's lone confrontation against the communist army during the June 3rd & 4th Massacre of 1989.
This is an internet version of this webmaster's writings on "Imperial China" (2004 version assembled by third-millennium-library; scribd), "Republican China", and "Communist China". There is no set deadline as to the date of completion for "Communist China". Someone saved a copy of this webmaster's writing on the June 4th [1989] Massacre at http://www.scribd.com/doc/2538142/June-4th-Tiananmen-Massacre-in-Beijing-China. The work on "Imperial China", which was originally planned for after "Republican China", is now being pulled forward, with continuous updates posted to Pre-History, Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, and Han dynasties, offering the readers a tour of ancient China transcending space and time. Discussions and topics on ancient China could be seen in the bulletin boards linked here --before the Google SEO-change was to move the referrals off the search engine. The "June 4th Massacre" page used to be ranked No. 1 in the Google search results, but no longer seen now; however, bing.com and yahoo.com, not doing Google's evils, could still produce this webmaster's writeup on the June 4, 1989 Massacre. The Sinitic Civilization - Book I, a comprehensive history, including 95-98% of the records from The Spring & Autumn Annals and its Zuo Zhuan commentary, and the forgery-filtered book The Bamboo Annals, is now available on Barnes & Noble, Amazon, Google Play|Books and Nook. Book II is available now on Amazon and Barnes & Noble. Check out this webmaster's 2nd edition --that realigned the Han dynasty's reign years strictly observing the Zhuanxu-li calendar of October of a prior lunar year to September of the following lunar year. The 2nd edition also cleared this webmaster's blind spot on the authenticity of the Qinghua University's Xi Nian bamboo slips as far as Zhou King Xiewang's 21 years of co-existence with Zhou King Pingwang was concerned, a handicap due to sticking to Wang Guowei's Gu Ben Bamboo Annals and ignoring the records in Kong Yingda's Zheng Yi. This webmaster traced the Sinitic cosmological, astronomical, astrological and geographical development, with dedicated chapters devoted to interpreting Qu Yuan's poem Tian Wen (Asking Heaven), the mythical mountain and sea book Shan Hai Jing, geography book Yu Gong (Lord Yu's Tributes), and Zhou King Muwang's travelogue Mu-tian-zi Zhuan, as well as a comprehensive review of ancient calendars, ancient divination, and ancient geography. Refer to Introduction_to_The_Sinitic_Civilization, Afterword, Table of Contents - Book I (Index) and Table of Contents - Book II (Index) for details. (Table of lineages & reign years: Sovereigns & Thearchs; Xia-Shang-Zhou dynasties; Zhou dynasty's vassalage lords; Lu Principality lords; Han dynasty's reign years; Chinese dynasties (Sexagenary year conversion table-2698B.C.-A.D.2018; 247B.C.-A.D.85) )
Sinitic Civilization Book 1 華夏文明第一卷:從考古、青銅、天文、占卜、曆法和編年史審視的真實歷史 Sinitic Civilization Book 2 華夏文明第二卷:從考古、青銅、天文、占卜、曆法和編年史審視的真實歷史 Tribute of Yu Heavenly Questions Zhou King Mu's Travels Classic of Mountains and Seas
 
The Bamboo Annals
The Bamboo Annals
From the Khitans to the Jurchens & Mongols: A History of Barbarians in Triangle Wars and Quartet Conflicts (天譴四部曲之三:從契丹到女真和蒙古 - 中原陸沉之殤)
Epigraph|Preface|Introduction|T.O.C.|Afterword|Bibliography|References|Index (available at iUniverse|Google|Amazon|B&N)

For this webmaster, only the ancient history posed some puzzling issues that are being cracked at the moment, using the watershed line of Qin Emperor Shihuangdi's book burning to rectify what was the original history before the book burning, filtering out what was forged after the book burning, as well as filtering out the fables that were rampant just prior to the book burning, and validating against the oracle bones and bronzeware. There is not a single piece of puzzle for this webmaster concerning the modern Chinese history. This webmaster had read Wellington Koo's memoirs page by page from 2004-2007, and read General Hu Zongnan's biography in the early 1990s, which was to have re-lived their lives on a day by day basis. Not to mention this webmaster's complete browsing of materials written by the Soviet agents as well as the materials that were once published like on the George Marshall Foundation's website etc., to have a full grasp of the international gaming of the 20th century. The unforgotten emphasis on "Republican China", which was being re-outlined to be inclusive of the years of 1911 to 1955 and divided into volumes covering the periods of pre-1911 to 1919, 1919 to 1928, 1929 to 1937, 1937 to 1945, and 1945-1955, will continue. This webmaster plans to make part of the contents of "Republican China, A Complete Untold History" into publication soon. The original plan for completion was delayed as a result of broadening of the timeline to be inclusive of the years of 1911-1955. For up-to-date updates, check the RepublicanChina-pdf.htm page. Due to constraints, only the most important time periods would be reorganized into some kind of publishable format, such as the 1939-1940, 1944-1945, and 1945-1950 Chinese civil wars, with special highlight on Kim Il Sung's supplying 250,000 North Korean mercenaries to fighting the Chinese civil war, with about 60,000-70,000 survivors repatriated to North Korea for the 1950 Korea War, for example --something to remind the readers how North Korea developed to threaten the world with a nuclear winter today. Note the fundamental difference between the 250,000 ethnic-Korean Japanese Kwantung Army diehards and the ethnic-Korean Chinese living in China. The communist statistics claimed that altogether 65,000 ethnic-Korean Chinese minority people, or the Korean migrants living in China, joined the communist army, with approximately 60% coming from the Jirin subprovince, 21% from the Sungari subprovince, and 15% from the Liaodong subprovince.
China's conscience: Peng Zaizhou (Peng Lifa)'s crusading call against China's proditor
Wang Bingzhang Gao Zhisheng Wang Quanzhang Jiang Tianyong Xu Zhiyong Huang Qi Shi Tao Yu Wensheng
Peng Zaizhou (Peng Lifa)'s crusading call against China's imbecelic proditor and dictator: 不要核酸要吃饭, 不要封控要自由; 不要领袖要选票, 不要谎言要尊严; 不要文革要改革, 不做奴才做公民. Peng Zaizhou's
crusading call
against China's proditor

(Yahoo; Slideshare;
Twitter; Facebook;
Reddit;
RFA.org; news.com;
WashingtonPost.com;
NYPost.com;
NewAmerican
)
Dr. Xu Zhiyong's 15-Nov-2012 open letter to Xi Jinping 許志永博士2012年致習近平的公開信:一個公民對國家命運的思考
Dr. Xu Zhiyong's Jan 2020 letter calling for Xi Jinping to abdicate 許志永博士致習近平的公開信:習近平先生,您讓位吧!
The objectives of this webmaster's writings would be i) to re-ignite the patriotic passion of the ethnic Chinese overseas; ii) to rectify the modern Chinese history to its original truth; and iii) to expound the Chinese tradition, humanity, culture and legacy to the world community. Significance of the historical work on this website could probably be made into a parallel to the cognizance of the Chinese revolutionary forerunners of the 1890s: After 250 years of the Manchu forgery and repression, the revolutionaries in the late 19th century re-discovered the Manchu slaughters and literary inquisition against the ethnic-Han Chinese via books like "Three Rounds Of Slaughter At Jiading In 1645", "Ten Day Massacre At Yangzhou" and Jiang Lianqi's "Dong Hua Lu" [i.e., "The Lineage Extermination Against Luu Liuliang's Family"]. Revolutionary forerunner Zhang Taiyan (Zhang Binglin), a staunch anti-Manchu revolutionary scholar, invoked Xin Shi (The History [Book] of Heart, a book written by Soong loyalist Zheng Sixiao who sank it in a tin-iron box into a well in the late 13th century A.D., and rediscovered about three and half centuries later), for rallying the nationalist movements against the Manchu rule. Additionally, revolutionaries in Sichuan often invoked 17-year-old prodigy-martyr Xia Wanchun's Xia Jiemin [Quan-]Ji (Complete anthology of Xia Wanchun's poems and prose) for taking heart of grace in the uprisings against the Manchus. This webmaster intends to make the contents of this website into the Prometheus fire, lightening up the fuzzy part of China's history. It is this webmaster's hope that some future generation of the Chinese patriots, including the to-be-awoken sons and grandsons of arch-thief Chinese Communist rulers [who had sought material pursuits in the West], after reflecting on the history of China, would return to China to do something for the good of the country. This webmaster's question for the sons of China: Are you to wear the communist pigtails for 267 years? And don't forget that your being born in the U.S. and the overseas or your parents and grandparents' being granted permanent residency by the U.S. and European countries could be ascribed to the sacrifice of martyrs on the Tian-an-men Square and the Peking city in 1989. (If you were the Chi-com hitting this site from the Bank of China New York branch or from the party academy in Peking, spend some time reading here to cleanse your brain-washed mind.)

Beliefs Are Tested in Saga Of Sacrifice and Betrayal

REAL STORY: A Study Group Is Crushed in China's Grip
Beliefs Are Tested in Saga Of Sacrifice and Betrayal
Chinese ver


utube links Defender of the Republic Song of the Blue Sky and White Sun Brave Soldiers of the Republic of China


Republican China in Blog Format
Republican China in Blog Format
Li Hongzhang's poem after signing the 1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki:
In Commemoration of China's Fall under the Alien Conquests in A.D. 1279, A.D. 1644 & A.D. 1949
Sons and daughters of China, till cutting off the communist pigtails on your heads, don't let up, take heart of grace, and heed the sons & ministers' agony and sorrow of our ancestors who died or lived through the Mongol, Manchu and Soviet-Chicom conquest and the Yongjia, Jingkang and Jiashen cataclysms ! Never, Ever Give Up ! 中國的兒子和女兒們,聆聽在蒙韃、滿清、蘇聯中共的征服和永嘉、靖康、甲申的浩劫中死去或活著的我們的祖先的苦難和悲痛!
The destiny of Russian tyranny, ... was to expand into Asia - and eventually to break in two, there, upon its own conquests.
The destiny of Russian tyranny, ... was to expand into Asia - and eventually to break in two, there, upon its own conquests. 俄羅斯暴政的命運,......是向亞洲擴張 - 征服亞洲,並最終在那裡,把自己複製分成雙胞胎兩半。
Heed the sons & ministers' agony and sorrow of our ancestors who died or lived through the Mongol, Manchu and Soviet-Chicom conquest and the Yongjia, Jingkang and Jiashen cataclysms !
*** Translation, Tradducion, Ubersetzung , Chinese ***